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EECALC
Design tools for electrical engineers
EYECALC
Free upgrades for 1 year
The precise physical scenarios that cause Intersymbol Interference (ISI) in high-speed communication links can be modeled only by complex methodologies and expensive design tools. Yet engineers rely on their intuition and 'back of the envelope' calculations to validate the results from such complex tools. EYECALC is a handy behavioral simulation tool intended to back up precisely this intuition of hardware and system designers.
The following sections describe EYECALC features in more detail. Even better, why not take EYECALC out for a test drive?
1. Channel selection
EYECALC allows channels to be modeled as linear all-pole filters. Presently Bessel, Butterworthand Chebyshev filters of order 1 through 5 are supported. In addition Arbitrary second order filters can be specified by means of a selectable damping factor d. For convenience all filters are normalized to have unit bandwidth. The bit rate of the transmission should be scaled to match this normalization.
The following sections describe EYECALC features in more detail. Even better, why not take EYECALC out for a test drive?
1. Channel selection
EYECALC allows channels to be modeled as linear all-pole filters. Presently Bessel, Butterworthand Chebyshev filters of order 1 through 5 are supported. In addition Arbitrary second order filters can be specified by means of a selectable damping factor d. For convenience all filters are normalized to have unit bandwidth. The bit rate of the transmission should be scaled to match this normalization.
2. Dual Dirac capability
The complexity of the channel model in EYECALC can be substantially increased by means of the Dual Dirac (split) impulse response that models board-level echos, differential modal dispersion (DMD) and first order polarization mode dispersion (PMD). Both the time split and amplitude ratio of the Dual Dirac are variable.
The complexity of the channel model in EYECALC can be substantially increased by means of the Dual Dirac (split) impulse response that models board-level echos, differential modal dispersion (DMD) and first order polarization mode dispersion (PMD). Both the time split and amplitude ratio of the Dual Dirac are variable.
3. Signal encoding
Presently EYECALC supports only NRZ signaling, with a user selectable pre-emphasis level (amplitude and phase). Other signaling methods such as RZ and PAM-N will be implemented in the next release.
[Note: All licensed users of EYECALC will receive free upgrades for a period of 1 year from the date of purchase]
Presently EYECALC supports only NRZ signaling, with a user selectable pre-emphasis level (amplitude and phase). Other signaling methods such as RZ and PAM-N will be implemented in the next release.
[Note: All licensed users of EYECALC will receive free upgrades for a period of 1 year from the date of purchase]
4. Eye diagram
EYECALC eye diagrams are generated using a 2^7-1 PRBS data bit sequence and a stable and efficient numerical integrator. The output resolution is 32 samples per bit. The display corresponds to a standard oscilloscope, so no units are marked. The eye mask can be edited by the user using 'Edit: Eye Mask'.
EYECALC eye diagrams are generated using a 2^7-1 PRBS data bit sequence and a stable and efficient numerical integrator. The output resolution is 32 samples per bit. The display corresponds to a standard oscilloscope, so no units are marked. The eye mask can be edited by the user using 'Edit: Eye Mask'.
5. Receiver decision
EYECALC assumes an ideal instantaneous sampler with zero ambiguity margin and infinitesimal set-up and hold times. An arbitrary additive noise level (AWGN) in RMS mV can be specified at the sampling point. The scale of the noise assumes a 'normalized' average signal level of 500 mV (1 V p-p). Both the slicer reference level as well as the sampling phase can be varied.
EYECALC assumes an ideal instantaneous sampler with zero ambiguity margin and infinitesimal set-up and hold times. An arbitrary additive noise level (AWGN) in RMS mV can be specified at the sampling point. The scale of the noise assumes a 'normalized' average signal level of 500 mV (1 V p-p). Both the slicer reference level as well as the sampling phase can be varied.
6. Bathtub curve and Jitter
EYECALC automatically computes the bathtub curve by varying the sampling phase across the bit unit interval (UI). The 'bottom' of the bathtub curve is displayed as the minimum BER. In addition the p-p deterministic jitter is displayed as a fraction of the UI. Note that this jitter estimate is only for a 2^7-1 PRBS pattern. In general, longer patterns could exhibit more complex jitter statistics.
EYECALC automatically computes the bathtub curve by varying the sampling phase across the bit unit interval (UI). The 'bottom' of the bathtub curve is displayed as the minimum BER. In addition the p-p deterministic jitter is displayed as a fraction of the UI. Note that this jitter estimate is only for a 2^7-1 PRBS pattern. In general, longer patterns could exhibit more complex jitter statistics.
7. Copy and Save options
The 'Edit: Copy Image' (Ctrl-C) command puts a metafile copy of the current image on the clipboard. This image can be directly pasted into other applications by 'Edit: Paste' (Ctrl-V).
The 'File: Save Image' command saves the current image to a user-specified image file on disk. The format for this file is Portable Network Graphics (PNG). EYECALC uses PNG since it is better suited for line art compared to the lossy JPEG compression algorithm meant for photographs. The PNG format can be readily read and manipulated by other programs.
The 'File: Save Datacommand saves the current data tables (Parameters, Eye, Bathtub, Impulse) to a user-specified multi-sheet spreadsheet file on disk.
The 'Edit: Copy Image' (Ctrl-C) command puts a metafile copy of the current image on the clipboard. This image can be directly pasted into other applications by 'Edit: Paste' (Ctrl-V).
The 'File: Save Image' command saves the current image to a user-specified image file on disk. The format for this file is Portable Network Graphics (PNG). EYECALC uses PNG since it is better suited for line art compared to the lossy JPEG compression algorithm meant for photographs. The PNG format can be readily read and manipulated by other programs.
The 'File: Save Datacommand saves the current data tables (Parameters, Eye, Bathtub, Impulse) to a user-specified multi-sheet spreadsheet file on disk.
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Behavioral Eye Diagram Simulator
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